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Small-spotted catshark
The small-spotted catshark, also known as the lesser-spotted dogfish, Rough-hound, or Morgay (Scotland and Cornwall) ''Scyliorhinus canicula'', is a catshark of the family Scyliorhinidae. It is found on the continental shelves and the uppermost slopes off the coasts of Norway and the British Isles south to Senegal, including the Mediterranean between latitudes 63° N and 12° N. It can grow up to a length of , and it can weigh more than .〔
〕 It is found primarily over sandy, gravelly, or muddy bottoms at depths of a few metres down to 400 m.〔Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Sanchez, F., Olaso, I. 2007. Distribution patterns and sexual segregations of ''Scyliorhinus canicula'' (L.) in the Cantabrian Sea. ''Journal of Fish Biology''. 70: 1568-1586〕 ''S. canicula'' is one of the most abundant elasmobranchs in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. The majority of the populations are stable in most areas.〔Ballard, W., Mellinger, J., Lechenault, H. 2005. A series of normal stages for development of ''Scyliorhinus canicula'' the lesser spotted dogfish ''(Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae)''. ''Journal of Experimental Zoology''. 267: 318-336〕
==Description==
The ''S. canicula'' are small, shallow-water sharks with a slender shaped body with a blunt head. The two dorsal fins are located towards the tail end of the body. The texture of their skin is rough, similar to the coarseness of sandpaper.〔McNeill, Ian. "Habitas :: National Museums Northern Ireland." Habitas :: National Museums Northern Ireland. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2010. 〕 The nostrils are located on the underside of the snout and are connected to the mouth by a curved groove. The underside is a lighter greyish-white colour and the upper side is greyish-brown with darker spots. Dorsal colour is sandy and tightly tan, with numerous small spots and dark brown or nearly black in colour. The teeth of ''S. canicula'' in males are larger than in females. In male ''S. canicula'' from West African waters, their jaws are stronger, larger and more calcinated. The reasons for the changes in their mouth dimensions during maturation could explain their feeding habits and adaptations for reproductive behavior.〔Erdogan, Z., Koc, H., Cakir, D. 2004. Sexual Dimorphism in the Small-Spotted Catshark, Scyliorhinus Canicula (L., 1758), From the Edremit Bay (Turkey). ''Ser. his. nat'', 262: 4-18.〕
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